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The
archaeological site of the ancient Locri Epizephyrii is
located in Reggio Calabria's province, few kilometres away
from the modern Locri. However it is not the site in which the
first Greek settlers arrived. As a matter of fact, they
first went ashore in the bay adjoining cape Zephyrium (the
ancient denomination of the headland, nowadays called cape
Bruzzano, which is due as Strabo suggests us, from its
peculiarity to protect the bay from the Zephyrus, the western
wind). Then, after few years, they made for north, starting
the building of the proper city upon Epopis hill.
The arrival of the settlers happened near cape Zephyrium
probably because, as the historical tradition tells us, this
was a place usually used both from merchants and Greek sailors;
the formers used it for commercial exchanges with the natives;
the ladders used it as landing place for a simple stop or for
supplies. Therefore it was a well-known place for the
newcomers Greek settlers.
After camping on cape Zephyrium, the settlers started to have
closer relationships with the natives, drawing up some peace
agreements with them. At the same time the settlers began the
exploration of the territories to the north of cape Zephyrium,
discovering very soon that they were more suitable for the
development of the new polis. They focused their attention
particularly on the coastal zone below the native camp of
Ianchina (today's name of the zone), much more fertile and
rich of water than the hills near cape Zephyrium. Then, they
took the decision that the new discovered zone would have been the definitive
site of their settlement.
However there was the problem of the peace agreements drew
with the natives; but the Locrians, according to Polybius'
narration, resorted to a trick: "[...] (The Locrians),
living on (native) territory, were welcomed by natives
providing that they had promised to use that territory
together with the natives until they had walked on that same ground,
and had their head screwed on. But, as it is said, the Locrians took the oath after had strewn the inside sole of
their shoes with some soil and had put on their shoulders,
well hidden, some heads of garlic. After a while they took the
soil away from their shoes, threw away the heads of garlic and
attacked the natives [...]". (Polybius, Histories
XII, 6-3)
Then Ianchina's native camp was destroyed; finally Locri
Epizephyrii's settlers (we are now between the end of the VIII
century b.C. and the beginning of the VII century b.C.) could
start to build their city, 25 km to the north of the site
where they had arrived some years before.
Anyway, in the name of the city remained a reference to the
site of their arrival; as a matter of fact, Oi Lokroi Oi Epizephyrioi
is a plural form that can be translated this way: The
Locrians who live next to the Zephyrium. |
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Locri Epizephyrii
is in Italy |
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| In
Calabria Region |
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| On
the eastern coast of Reggio Calabria's province |
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